What is Post-Quantum Cryptography?

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) is a branch of cryptography. It focuses on developing cryptographic algorithms resistant to attacks from quantum computers. Classical computers are based on bits that are either 0 or 1.
Quantum computers use qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously because of the principles of quantum mechanics. This allows quantum computers to solve certain problems much faster than classical computers.

Why is Post-Quantum Cryptography important?

Powerful quantum computers are currently being developed. As a result, traditional cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) are at risk of being broken. Quantum computers could solve the mathematical problems underlying these methods at speeds that are impossible for classical computers.
For businesses, this means that confidential data and communication channels are at risk. Digital signatures may lose their authenticity, integrity and non-repudiation. The goal of Post-Quantum Cryptography is to develop cryptographic algorithms that remain secure against quantum computers. This will ensure long-term security.

Quantum Cryptography vs. Post-Quantum Cryptography

Quantum cryptography, like quantum key distribution (QKD), uses quantum mechanics for secure communication. Post-quantum cryptography develops algorithms that will remain secure even when quantum computers are available. Both approaches aim to achieve quantum security. But PQC does so by searching for and using new cryptographic methods to withstand quantum attacks.

 

Digitales WarndreieckThreats from Quantum Computers

A major concern is the threat of “harvest now, decrypt later” attacks. In this scenario, encrypted data is collected today in order to decrypt it in the future using quantum computers.
This is especially important for sensitive data that will be valuable for years to come. Examples are personal information, financial data, and confidential business strategies. Post-quantum public key cryptography offers a future-proof solution to this problem.
This is especially important for organizations that are classified as Highly Critical or Critical in NIS2. Examples include financial services, healthcare, transportation, and many others.

 

Benefits of Post-Quantum Cryptography

  • Future-proofing: Protects against the capabilities of future quantum computers.
  • Long-term confidentiality: Ensuring that data encrypted today remains secure in the future.
  • Trust: Building customer and partner confidence in the company’s security measures.

 

Practical Steps to Prepare

  • Raise awareness: Educate yourself and your team about the risks and opportunities of quantum computing and quantum technologies.
  • Evaluate your systems: Review the cryptographic algorithms you currently use and their vulnerability to quantum attacks. Asymmetric cryptography should be examined.
  • Track research: Stay informed about developments in post-quantum cryptography and post-quantum algorithms. Feel free to use sources like the Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts (HSLU).
  • Plan the transition: Develop a strategy to gradually implement PQC in your IT systems.
  • Work with experts: Engage external consultants or companies that specialize in PQC, such as essendi it.

Case Study: Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts

The Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts (HSLU) is actively involved in projects related to post-quantum cryptography. One notable project aims to develop solutions that can withstand quantum attacks.
More information about this project can be found here. The collaboration with essendi it AG plays a significant role in this initiative.

Certificate Management

Special attention should be paid to certificate management. A proven tool for certificate management is essendi xc. This tool is characterized by high security and user-friendliness and ensures secure communications and efficient key exchange. Certificate management involves handling sensitive key material (private keys), managing the lifecycle of certificates, and ensuring that they meet the required security standards.
To identify recommendations for making essendi xc quantum-safe, we are working on a research project with HSLU. We are also investigating and testing algorithms that are considered quantum-safe.

Recommendations for Implementation

  • Start with pilot projects. Initiate small pilot projects to test PQC solutions.
  • Training and education: Make sure your IT team has the knowledge and skills to use quantum-secure encryption. They should also know how to implement quantum encryption techniques.
  • Choose technology partners: Work with companies like essendi it that have experience in working with PQC.
  • Meet regulatory requirements: Follow key standards such as ISO27001, NIST, and possibly NIS2. This will ensure that your security measures meet legal requirements.

Post-Quantum Cryptography and NIST

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) leads the way in standardizing post-quantum cryptography algorithms. The NIST PQC initiative aims to develop robust encryption and digital signature algorithms that are secure against quantum attacks. These standards will be critical for implementing quantum-safe encryption in businesses. NIST PQC is leading the global effort to establish post-quantum cryptography standards that ensure long-term data security.

Act early – long-term security

Post-Quantum Cryptography is a critical step towards making IT security future-proof for large enterprises and corporations. There are two ways for organizations to ensure that their data stays secure in a quantum world. One is to implement PQC early. The other is to follow standards like NIST PQC.
Now is the time to prepare for these challenges. We will help you take the necessary steps to remain secure and trustworthy in the future. Simply contact us.